Federal Workers

The Impact Project synthesizes publicly available data about the impacts of government change.

The Federal Workers Dashboard provides a snapshot of best available data about federal worker separations across the country.

Dashboards will change as the data does, and you may find areas that need updating. Please reach out via [email protected] if you would like to support our work, share data, or provide feedback.

Federal Civilian Workforce

Total US Workforce

161,590,000

Federal Workforce

2,278,730

Probationary Federal Workforce

~220,000*

Sources: BLS, 2024; Pew Research, 2025; NPR, 2025

This is the total number of federal workers with a year or less of service by March 2024. For several reasons, it is an undercount of the total number of probationary employees in the federal government.

Top Federal Occupations Nationwide (Including States & Territories)

This table provides a snapshot of federal occupations in this state. Click here for descriptions of these occupations.

Probationary employees include those employed by a federal agency for a year or less by March, 2024. For some agencies, the probationary period last longer (2-3yrs). In most cases, the probationary period restarts when a worker is promoted.

Occupation Total Employees Probationary Employees
Nurse10857913189
Miscellaneous Administration and Program1005307206
Information Technology Management930287851
Management And Program Analysis889184291
Medical Support Assistance372977588
Miscellaneous Clerk and Assistant341426509
Human Resources Management277971562
Contracting277051791
Medical Officer268482685
Contact Representative255164483
General Attorney195251370
General Engineering18232927
Social Insurance Administration11400433
General Natural Resources Management and Biological Sciences8857812
General Health Science8513644

Sources: OPM.gov (2024)

quotes

I had 51 days left in my probationary period for a full time position in the federal government after working for this program for 3 years in other positions. – Anonymous in District of Columbia

Source: Testimonials- Federal Workers

Summary of Recently Separated Federal Workers

This table provides an approximation of reductions in federal workforce by agency through firings and voluntary buyouts. These figures change as the administration adjusts its plans, some actions are challenged in court, and more federal workers voluntarily depart. This count does not include every agency, early retirements, or retirements, and is therefore likely an undercount of total separations.

Agency Cuts Buyouts Future Reductions Percentage Reduction Planned
Agriculture5,700UnknownUnknownUnknown
AmeriCorp650UnknownUnknown93%
Central Intelligence Agency80Unknown1,0005%
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration8005001,00019%
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau1,480UnknownUnknown85%
Defense**1021,00039,0006%
Education1,380570Unknown46%
Energy1,0001,000UnknownUnknown
Environmental Protection Agency840Unknown1,15012%
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation160500750Unknown
Health and Human Services10,00080,000 offered*Unknown24%
DHS, Office for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties150UnknownUnknown 99%
DHS, Federal Emergency Management Agency140800UnknownUnknown
DHS, Transportation Security Administration240UnknownUnknownUnknown
Other Homeland Security agencies170UnknownUnknownUnknown
Housing and Urban Development310Unknown93014%
Institute of Museum and Library Services70UnknownUnknown99%
Interior1,8801,100UnknownUnknown
Justice60270UnknownUnknown
Labor170UnknownUnknownUnknown
NASA20UnknownUnknownUnknown
National Endowment for the Humanities140UnknownUnknown78%
National Science Foundation170UnknownUnknownUnknown
National Security Council160UnknownUnknownUnknown
Small Business Administration300Unknown2,70046%
Social Security Administration1902,8607,00017%
State100Unknown2,150Unknown
Transportation780UnknownUnknownUnknown
Treasury, IRS7,3204,13012,74024%
Treasury, Other agencies300UnknownUnknownUnknown
U.S. Agency for Global Media, Voice of America1,300UnknownUnknown99%
U.S. Agency for International Development10,000UnknownUnknown99%
U.S. InteragencyCouncil on Homelessness16UnknownUnknown99%
Veterans Affairs1,960Unknown80,90017%

Sources: NYT, May 5 2025; CBS, May 9, 2025; AP, Mar. 9, 2025

* It is unknown how many HHS workers have taken a voluntary buyout, but 80,000 employees were offered $25,000 to leave HHS in April.

** Defense-related figures may include cuts to active duty military. (WaPo, May 5, 2025; Military.com, Apr. 3, 2025)

Summary of Federal Worker Dots

This table breaks down the stories collected by the Impact Map so far about separation of federal workers. It combines actions that most directly impact federal workers, including firing, rehiring, administrative leave, and office closures.

Action Federal Workers Stories
Defense63
Economy & Employment269
Education15
Emergency Services, Public Safety & Law Enforcement165
Energy37
Food & Agriculture173
Housing19
Humanities & the Arts9
Infrastructure609
International Development29
Natural Resources, Environment & Public Lands646
Overarching298
Public Health & Healthcare202
Research & Academic Research23
Social Services328
Total 2,885

Last Updated: 5/12/25

quotes

We all try not to make our jobs our identity, but when you’ve been administering a system for as long as a lot of us have, it feels like it’s a part of us. – Anonymous in Iowa

Source: https://www.kcrg.com/2025/04/01/32-iowa-employers-face-layoffs-state-prepares-behavioral-health-disability-services-restructure/

Federal Civilian Workers by State and Territory

Location State Federal Employees Location State Federal Employees
Alabama40,692Alaska11,078
American Samoa112Arizona34,150
Arkansas14,333California147,487
California147,487Colorado39,910
Colorado39,910Connecticut5,325
Connecticut5,325Delaware3,948
District of Columbia162, 144Florida94,014
Georgia79,686Guam3,215
Hawaii24,545Idaho9,988
Illinois44,784Indiana24,680
Iowa9,794Kansas17,888
Kentucky23,118Louisiana19,442
Maine12,257Maryland142,876
Massachusetts25,488Michigan29,610
Minnesota18,031Mississippi19,560
Missouri37,574Montana10,129
Nebraska10,325Nevada13,697
New Hampshire 5,066New Jersey22,504
New Mexico22,343New York53,600
North Carolina51,013North Dakota5,644
Northern Mariana Islands89Ohio55,487
Oklahoma41,867Oregon19,622
Pennsylvania 66,079Puerto Rico14,418
Rhode Island8,439South Carolina24,525
South Carolina24,525South Dakota8,078
Tennessee32,465Texas129,738
U.S. Virgin Islands433Utah33,335
Vermont3,285Virginia144,483
Washington56,772West Virginia17,338
Wisconsin18,022Wyoming6,174

Citation: OPM.gov, Mar. 2024

National Federal Worker Map

This map includes all stories about separated federal workers and impacted federal office space and buildings.

Federal Cuts Tracker
Rural Counties
  •   Rural Counties
Indigenous Lands
  •   Indigenous Lands
Majority Non-White Areas
  •   Majority Non-White
Poverty Areas
  •   Poverty Rate >= 20%
Number of Federal Workers by Congressional District
  •  0 - 4,000
  •  4,000 - 7,000
  •  7,000 - 10,000
  •  10,000 - 15,000
  •  15,000 - 25,000
  •  25,000 - 35,000
  •  35,000 - 50,000
  •  >50,000
Number of Federal Workers by County
  •  0 - 50
  •  50 - 100
  •  100 - 250
  •  250 - 500
  •  500 - 1,000
  •  1,000 - 5,000
  •  5,000 - 10,000
  •  >10,000
Circle Outlines
  •   Statewide Impact
  •   Location-Specific
quotes

I moved to DC from my home state for this job. I am in graduate school and take courses full time on top of my federal government job. I want to make a difference. Now I have no idea how I'll make my student loan payments. – Anonymous in District of Columbia

Source: Testimonials- Federal Workers

Disclaimer

Due to the shifting nature of federal change, it is possible that the employment status of some of the people described here has changed (e.g., more people have been rehired or fired). As federal courts review the legality of these actions, not all of the proposed terminations and cuts have gone into effect.

future 1

Future Analysis

Check back for deeper dives into this data, including consideration of these questions:

  • How do these changes impact local and state economies?
  • How are local and state governments, NGOs, and businesses responding to federal changes? What gaps are they filling, and what gaps remain?
  • How is federal government change evolving over time?

Download Full Data Set

Access a comprehensive Excel file containing all the data shown on this page. This downloadable resource is ideal for further analysis, reporting, or presentations.

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